Publications
2025
Khoury, J.E, Jambon, M., Gonzalez, A, & Atkinson, L. (2025). Exploring cross-lag associations between perceived stress and hair cortisol from pregnancy to 15 months postpartum. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 180, 107556. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2025.107556
Giles, L., & Khoury, J.E. (2025). Emotion Regulation in Pregnancy: A Pathway from Maternal Childhood Maltreatment to Perinatal Mental Health. Journal of Affective Disorders, 385, 119417. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119417
Chasson, M., Khoury, J.E, Bosquet Enlow, M., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2025). Maternal Caregiving Moderates Relations Between Maternal Childhood Maltreatment and Infant Cortisol Regulation. Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.14171
Khoury, J. E., Giles, L., Atkinson, L., & Gonzalez, A. (2025). The role of prenatal perceived stress and hair cortisol as they relate to toddler socioemotional outcomes over the first three years. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 172, 107251. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2024.107251
2026
Fleming, L., Ohashi, K., Bosquet Enlow, M, Khoury, J. E., Klengel, T., Lyons-Ruth, K., Teicher, M. & Ressler, K. J. (accepted). Sensitive periods for the link between childhood maltreatment and brain aging during adulthood. Neurobiology of Stress.
Khoury, J.E, Chasson, M., Ahtam, B., Fleming., L., Ou, Y., Bosquet Enlow, M., Grant, E., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (in press). Maternal childhood neglect is linked to greater infant cortisol output and larger infant limbic volumes. Child Maltreatment.
Khoury, J.E, Jambon, M., Pattison, M. Gonzalez, A, & Atkinson, L. (in press). Adverse childhood experiences, prenatal and postpartum depressive symptoms, and child socioemotional problems over the first three years of life. Child Maltreatment.
2024
Lyons-Ruth, K., Chasson, M., & Khoury, J.E. (2024). Reconsidering the Nature of Threat in Infancy: Integrating Animal and Human Studies on Neurobiological Effects of Infant Stress. Neuroscience and Behavioral Reviews, 105746. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105746
Khoury, J.E., Atkinson, L., & Gonzalez, A. (2024). A longitudinal study examining the impact of prenatal and postnatal maternal distress during the COVID-19 pandemic on toddler socioemotional developmental. Infancy, 29(3), 412-436. https://doi.org/10.1111/infa.12584
Becker, E. Atkinson, L. Gonzalez, A & Khoury, J.E. (2024). Social support buffers the impact of pregnancy stress on perceptions of parent-infant closeness during the COVID-19 pandemic. Infant Journal of Mental Health, 45(3), 328-340. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.22096
2023
Khoury, J.E., Ahtam, B., Ou, Y., Jenkins, E., Klengel, T., Bosquet Enlow, M., Grant, P. E., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2023). Linking Maternal Disrupted Interaction and Infant Limbic Volumes: The Role of Infant Cortisol Output. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 158, 106379. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2023.106379.
Khoury, J.E., Atkinson, L., Jack, S.M., Bennett, T., Raha, S., Duku, E., & Gonzalez, A. (2023). Protocol for the COVID-19 Wellbeing and Stress Study: A longitudinal study of parent distress, biological stress, and child biopsychosocial development during the pandemic and beyond. BMJ Open, 13(8), e071926. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2023-071926
Lyons-Ruth, K., Ahtam, B., Haofei Li, F., Dickerson, S., Khoury, J.E., Sisitsky, M., Ou, Y., Bosquet Enlow, M., Teicher, M.H., & Grant, P. E. (2023). Negative versus Withdrawn Parenting: Differential Associations with Infant Grey and White Matter During the First Two Years of Life. Human Brain Mapping, 44(12), 4572-4589. https://doi.org/10.1002/hbm.26401
Lyons-Ruth, K., Haofei Li, F., Khoury, J.E., Ahtam, B., Sisitsky, M., Ou, Y., Bosquet Enlow, M., & Grant, P. E. (2023). Maternal Childhood Abuse Versus Neglect Associated with Differential Patterns of Infant Brain Development. Research on Child and Adolescent Psychopathology. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10802-023-01041-4
Khoury, J.E., Giles, L., Jambon, M., Atkinson, L. & Gonzalez, A. (2023). Trajectories of distress from pregnancy to 15-months post-partum during the COVID-19 pandemic. Frontiers in Psychology, 14, 879. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1104386.
Penner, F., Khoury, J.E., Bosquet Enlow, M., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2023). Threat versus Deprivation in Mother's Childhood: Differential Relations to Prenatal Hair Cortisol and Prenatal Psychopathology. Child Abuse & Neglect, 138, 106107. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2023.106107
Khoury, J.E., Cunningham, M., Jenkins, E., Bosquet Enlow, M., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2023). Latent Profiles of Maternal Disrupted Communication: Relations to Infant Affect and Behavior at Four Months of Age. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 14(2), 99-116. doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12438
Andrews, K., Khoury, J.E., Tiwari, A., Kirupaharan, S., & Gonzalez, A. (2023). Maternal history of child maltreatment and household chaos: Examining the mediating role of maternal and child psychopathology. Child Maltreatment, 28(2), 221-231. https://doi-org.ezproxy.msvu.ca/10.1177/10775595221081795
Khoury, J.E., Giles, L., Kaur, H., Johnson, D., Gonzalez, A & Atkinson, L. (2023). Associations between psychological distress and hair cortisol during pregnancy and the early postpartum: A meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 147, 105969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105969
2022
Khoury, J. E., Giles, L., Kaur, H., Johnson, D., Gonzalez, A & Atkinson, L. (2022). Associations between psychological distress and hair cortisol during pregnancy and the early postpartum: A meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 147, 105969. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2022.105969
Khoury, J. E., Ahtam, B., Sisitsky, M., Ou, Y., Bosquet Enlow, M., Teicher, M., Grant, P. E., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2022). Maternal child maltreatment is associated with lower infant grey matter volume and amygdala volume during the first two years of life. Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science, 2(4), 440-449. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.09.005
Khoury, J. E., Cunningham, M., Jenkins, E., Bosquet Enlow, M., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2022). Latent Profiles of Maternal Disrupted Communication: Relations to Infant Affect and Behavior at Four Months of Age. British Journal of Developmental Psychology. doi.org/10.1111/bjdp.12438
Andrews, K., Khoury, J. E., Tiwari, A., Kirupaharan, S., & Gonzalez, A. (2022). Maternal history of child maltreatment and household chaos: Examining the mediating role of maternal and child psychopathology. Child Maltreatment. https://doi.org/10.1177/10775595221081795
Khoury, J. E., Atkinson, L., Bennett, T., Jack, S. M., & Gonzalez, A. (2022). Prenatal distress, access to services, and birth outcomes during the COVID-19 pandemic. Early Human Development, 170, 105606. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.earlhumdev.2022.105606
Khoury, J. E., Dimitrov, L., Bosquet Enlow, M., Haltigan, J. D., Bronfman, E., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2022). Patterns of maternal childhood maltreatment are associated with disrupted interaction between mothers and their 4-month-old infants. Child Maltreatment, 27(3), 366-377. https://doi.org/10.1177/10775595211007567
Khoury, J. E., Tanaka, M., Kimber, M., MacMillan, H., Afifi, O. T., Boyle, M., Duncan, L., Joshi, D., Georgiades, K., & Gonzalez, A. (2022). Examining the unique contributions of parental and youth maltreatment in association with youth mental health problems. Child Abuse & Neglect, 124, 105451. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2021.105451
Taylor Nelles-McGee, T., Khoury, J. E., Kenny, M., Joshi, D., Gonzalez, A. (2022). Biological embedding of child maltreatment: A systematic review of biomarkers and resilience in children and youth. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 14, S50. https://doi.org/10.1037/tra0001162
2021
Cowell, Khoury, J. E., Petty, C. R., Ritz, T., Day, H. E., Benítez, B. E., Cunningham, M. K., Wright, R J., Bosquet Enlow, M. (2021). Integrated and diurnal indices of maternal pregnancy cortisol in relation to sex-specific parasympathetic responsivity to stress in infants. Developmental Psychobiology, 63(2), 350-363. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.22015
Khoury, J. E., Ahtam, B., Sisitsky, M., Ou, Y., Bosquet Enlow, M., Teicher, M., Grant, P. E., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2021). Maternal child maltreatment is associated with lower infant grey matter volume and amygdala volume during the first two years of life. Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science. Advance online publication. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsgos.2021.09.005
Khoury, J. E., Atkinson, L., Bennett, T., Jack, S. M., & Gonzalez, A. (2021). Coping strategies mediate the associations between COVID-19 experiences and mental health outcomes in pregnancy. Archives of Women’s Mental Health, 24, 1007–1017. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00737-021-01135-2
Khoury, J. E., Atkinson, L., Bennett, T., Jack, S. M., & Gonzalez, A. (2021). COVID-19 and mental health during pregnancy: The importance of cognitive appraisal and social support. Journal of Affective Disorders, 282, 1161-1169. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2021.01.027
Khoury, J. E., Beeney, J., Bosquet Enlow, M., Shiff, I. & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2021). Maternal experiences of childhood maltreatment moderate patterns of mother-infant cortisol regulation under stress. Developmental Psychobiology, 63(5), 1309-1321. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.22109
Khoury, J. E., Dimitrov, L., Bosquet Enlow, M., Haltigan, J. D., Bronfman, E., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2021). Patterns of maternal childhood maltreatment are associated with disrupted interaction between mothers and their 4-month-old infants. Child Maltreatment. https://doi.org/10.1177/10775595211007567
Khoury, J. E., Kaur, H., & Gonzalez, A. (2021). Parental mental health and hostility are associated with longitudinal increases in child internalizing and externalizing problems during COVID-19. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 706168. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2021.706168
2020
Khoury, J. E., Rajamani, M., Bureau, J.F., Easterbrooks, M. A., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2020). Aspects of parent-child interaction from infancy to late adolescence are risk indicators of severity of childhood maltreatment through age 18. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health (IJERPH), 17(11), 3749. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17113749
Khoury, J. E., Bosquet Enlow, M., Patwa, M. C., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2020). Hair cortisol in pregnancy interacts with maternal depressive symptoms to predict maternal disrupted interaction with her infant at four months. Developmental Psychobiology, 62(6), 768-782. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21950
Khoury, J. E., Jamieson, B., Gonzalez, A., & Atkinson, L. (2020). Child depressive symptoms: Associations with salivary cortisol and alpha amylase in two distinct challenges. Biological Psychology, 149, 107808. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsycho.2019.107808
Khoury, J. E., Zona, K., Bertha, E., Choi-Kain, L., Henninghausen, K., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2020). Disorganized attachment interactions among young adults with Borderline Personality Disorder, other diagnoses, and no diagnosis. Journal of Personality Disorders, 34(6), 764-784. https://doi.org/10.1521/pedi_2019_33_408
2019
Khoury, J. E., Piechtel, P., Andersen, C.M., Teicher, M.H., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2019). Relations among maternal withdrawal in infancy, Borderline Personality Disorder features, suicidality/self-injury, and adult hippocampal volume: A 30-year longitudinal study. Behavioural Brain Research, 374, 112139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbr.2019.112139
Khoury, J. E., Bosquet Enlow, M., Plamondon, A., & Lyons-Ruth, K. (2019). The association between adversity and hair cortisol levels in humans: A meta-analysis. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 103, 104-117. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2019.01.009
Fitzpatrick, S., Khoury, J. E., Krantz, L., Zeifman, R., & Kuo, J. R. (2019). Next-day effects of dysfunctional and functional emotion regulation and the moderating role of experiential avoidance. Journal of Contextual Behavioral Science, 12, 22-28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcbs.2019.01.003
Nyström-Hansen, M., Andersen, M. S., Khoury, J. E., Davidsen, K., Gumley, A., Lyons-Ruth, K., MacBeth, A., & Harder, S. (2019). Hair cortisol in the perinatal period mediates associations between maternal adversity and disrupted maternal interaction in early infancy. Developmental Psychobiology, 61(4), 543-556. https://doi.org/10.1002/dev.21833
Madigan, S., Prime, H., Graham, S., Rodrigues, M., Anderson, N., Khoury, J. E., & Jenkins, J. (2019). Parenting behavior and child language: A meta-analysis. Pediatrics, 144(4), e20183556. https://doi.org/10.1542/peds.2018-3556
2018
Khoury, J. E., Jamieson, B., & Milligan, K. (2018). Risk for childhood internalizing and externalizing behaviour problems in the context of prenatal alcohol exposure: A meta-analysis and comprehensive examination of moderators. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 42, 1358-1377. https://doi.org/10.1111/acer.13805
Andrews, N., Motz, M., Pepler, D., Jeong, J., & Khoury, J. E. (2018). Engaging mothers with substance use issues and their children in early intervention: Understanding use of service and outcomes. Child Abuse and Neglect, 83, 10-20. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2018.06.011
Fitzpatrick, S., Khoury, J. E., Kuo, J. R. (2018). Examining the relationship between emotion regulation deficits and Borderline Personality Disorder features: A daily diary study. Counselling Psychology Quarterly, 31, 42-58. https://doi.org/10.1080/09515070.2016.1211509
2017
England-Mason, G., Khoury, J. E., Atkinson, L., Hall, G., & Gonzalez, G. (2017). Attentional avoidance of emotional stimuli in postpartum women with childhood history of maltreatment and difficulties with emotion regulation. Emotion, 18, 424-438. doi:10.1037/emo0000372
England-Mason, G., Kimber, M., Khoury, J. E., Atkinson, L., MacMillan, H., & Gonzalez, A. (2017). Difficulties with emotion regulation moderate the association between childhood history of maltreatment and cortisol reactivity in postpartum women. Hormones and Behaviour, 95, 44-56. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.yhbeh.2017.07.007
2016
Khoury, J. E., Gonzalez, A., Levitan, R., Masellis, M, Basile, V, & Atkinson, L. (2016). Maternal self-reported depressive symptoms and maternal cortisol levels interact to predict infant cortisol levels. Infant Mental Health Journal, 37, 125-139. https://doi.org/10.1002/imhj.21554
Khoury, J. E., & Milligan, K. (2016). Comparing executive functioning in children and adolescents with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder: A meta-analysis. Journal of Attention Disorders, 1-15. https://doi.org/10.1177/1087054715622016
Khoury, J. E., Gonzalez, A., Levitan, R., Masellis, M., Basile, V., & Atkinson, L. (2016). Infant emotion regulation strategy moderates relations between self-reported maternal depressive symptoms and infant cortisol reactivity. Infant and Child Development, 25, 64-83. https://doi.org/10.1002/icd.1916
Atkinson, L., Jamieson, B., Khoury, J. E., Ludmer, J., & Gonzalez, A. (2016). Stress physiology in infancy and early childhood: Cortisol flexibility, attunement, and coordination. Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 28, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/jne.12408
2015
Khoury, J. E., Milligan, K., & Girard, T. (2015). Executive functioning in children and adolescents prenatally exposed to alcohol: A meta-analysis. Neuropsychology Review, 25, 149-170. doi: 10.1007/s11065-015-9289-6.
Khoury, J. E., Gonzalez, A., Levitan, R.D., Pruessner, J.C., Chopra, K., Basile, V., Masellis, M., Goodwill, A., & Atkinson, L. (2015). Summary cortisol reactivity indicators: Interrelations and meaning. Neurobiology of Stress, 2, 34-43. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ynstr.2015.04.002
Milligan, K., Khoury, J. E., Benoit, D. & Atkinson, L. (2015). Maternal attachment and mind-mindedness: The role of emotional specificity. Attachment and Human Development, 17, 302-318. doi: 10.1080/14616734.2014.996573. https://doi.org/10.1080/14616734.2014.996573
Kuo, J. R., Khoury, J. E., Metcalfe, R., Fitzpatrick, S., & Goodwill, A. (2015). An examination of the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and Borderline Personality Disorder features: The role of difficulties with emotion regulation. Child Abuse and Neglect: An International Journal, 39, 147-155. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chiabu.2014.08.008
Atkinson, L., Beitchman, J., Gonzalez, J., Young, A. Wilson, B., Escobar, B., Chisholm, V. Brownlie, E. B., Khoury, J. E., Ludmer, J., & Villani, V. (2015). Cumulative risk, cumulative outcome: A 20-year longitudinal study. PLoS ONE, 10, e0127650. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0127650